mcclean



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-'Sheet 1.

S. N. MGCLEAN. MAGAZINE PIRBARM. No. 601,844. PatentedApr. 5, 1898..

l n I, m*\ 1 (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet. 2.

S. N. MGGLEAN,

MAGAZINE FIRBARM.

No. 601,844. Patented Apr. 5, 1898.

1' s nunms Pzfzns w. morau'mo.. wAsmNcTon n c INVENTD NITED STATESPATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL N. MCCLEAN, OF WASHINGTON, IOWA..

MAGAZINE-FIREARM.

SPECIFICATION forming part 0f Letters Patent NQ. 601,844, dated April 5,1898,' Application filed .Tune 17, 189,3. Renewed March 15, y1898.Serial No, 674,000. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern,.-

Be it known that I, SAMUEL N. MCCLEAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Washington, in the county of Washington and State of Iowa,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Firearms, of whichthe following is a speciiication.

My invention relates to breech-loading and magazine firearms.

My object is, iirst, to actuate the operating mechanism of abreech-loading firearm by the grip movement of the hand, providing forthis purpose a grip-lever; second, to actuate a reciprocatingbreech-piece by means of a grip-lever; third, to provide a reciprocatingbreech-bolt actuating and locking device the reciprocating and lockingmovement of which shall be controlled by cam-grooves or camslots;fourth, to provide an automatic shellextracting device which shall graspthe cartridge as it passes into the bore of the barrel and release theshell when fully extracted, the grip movement of the extractors beingcaused by cam action; fifth, to provide a firing or automatic firingdevice composed of a grip-lever, a trigger, firing mechanism, and anautomatic trigger or sear; sixth, to provide a cartridge carrier orreceiver which shall automatically grasp the cartridge as it passes fromthe magazine into the stockchamber and automatically release the same asit passes from the carrier into the barrel, the opening-and-closingmovement of the carrier being controlled by cam action; seventh,

to provide a cartridge-magazine located beneath the barrel and capableof being rotated out to the side of the gun, thus opening the rear endof the magazine for the purpose of loading and when loaded allowing itto swing back to position beneath the barrel ;v eighth, to provide anactuating and locking device composed of a grip-lever, a trigger, and alocking-dog. I accomplish these objects by means of the mechanism whichis hereinafter more fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal sectional viewof the firearm, showing the operating parts in the loading position orposition of rest, the grip-lever being thrown forward, the breech-boltwithdrawn, the hammer cocked, and the cartridge lifted into the presenceof the bore of the barrel. Fig. 2 isa transverse sectional view throughthe stock of the firearm and the cartridge-carrier, showing the frame A,the rear part of the cam-grooves a, thebearings 11, the shell E, and thecartridge-carrier D. Fig. 3 is a view of the upper surface of thecartridge-carrier, showing the bearings 11, the bars 12and cam-slots 13.Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the cartridge-carrier, showing theshellE, illustrating the manner in which this shell is closed by thereciprocat- Fig. 5 is ing movement of the bearings 11. a detailedillustration of the cam-groove a, illustrating the varying depth of thedierent parts of this groove. Fig. 6 is alongitudinal sectional view ofthe firearm, showing the operating parts in the loaded, locked, orfiring position. The grip-lever has been squeezed back toward thestock-chamber and is in locked engagement with the dog 17,' thebreech-bolt has been pushed forward by the upper extremity of thegrip-lever,and the bar N lifted into locked lengagement with theshoulder Y7. The hammer is ,in the down position. The secondary sear -18has been disengaged from the hammer by the forward movement of thebearing 2.V The cartridgecarrier is in position in front of the magazineand shows the large cylindrical-shaped bearing of the lever F. Thetriangular-shaped cam-groove a is also shown, which groove is located inthe frame-wall and controls the openingand-closing movementy of thecartridge-carrier. Fig. 7 is a transverse section of the firearm nearthe rear end ofthe magazine, showing the stock A, the magazine Q, and

the spring 26, which is coiled around the pivot on which the magazine isrotated, also the thumb-piece 22 and the spring-catch 29. Fig. 8 is alongitudinal sectional view through the stock of the firearm on a linewith the center of the extractors, showing the frame A, the cam-grooves25, the extractors 23, the .bearings 24, the locking-pin 5, the vupperend of the grip-lever G, the shoulder 7, the breechbolt I, andillustrates the diminished Vsize of the rear part of the breech-bolt.Fig. 9 is a section, through the barrel and magazine near the forwardend of the magazine, showing the barrel B, magazine C, coiled spring 26,and

the longitudinal slot c', in which slides a pin which is fxedly attachedto the side of the IOO plunger P and by means of which the plunger canbe forced forward to the front end of the magazine in the process ofloading.

Similar letters and figures of reference refer to corresponding parts.

In the drawings accompanying this speciiication I have illustrated theconstruction of my invention with reference to a repeating rifle, but itis apparent that the invention will be generally applicable tobreech-loading small-arms.

The frame of the weapon is provided with z the usual chamber A. Theupper side of the chamber is provided with an opening through l whichthe shells are ejected. It is also mortised to admit the action of thehammer and breech-bolt. The forward end of the chamber is provided withan opening into the barrel B and magazine.

The lateral walls of the chamber A are formed by removable plates, inwhich plates are located the cam breech-locking grooves 21, Figs. 6 and1; also, the cam extractinggrooves 25, Fig. S; also, the cam-grooves a,Figs. 6, 5, and 2. The under side of the chamber A is mortised to admitthe action of the grip-lever.

The grip-lever G, Figs. l and 6, is hinged to the trigger or grip guardX and its upper extremity is pivotally connected to the breechbolt by ahinged connection which employs the action of a movable and an immovableguide-cam to lock and unlock the breech. The guard X extendssufficiently below the under side of the frame to give the requiredmovement of the upper or breech-actuating extremity of the grip-leverand prevents the weapon from being accidentally discharged by either thetrigger or grip-lever. This lever is provided with a guard and isconnected to a spring 1, the action of which resists the movement of thelever and throws it outward to a position sufficiently distant from theframe to give the required movement to the breech-bolt I. The innersurface of the griplever is provided with a projection 2 for engagementwith the secondary scar 18, pivotally mounted in the bracket ,e andarranged to engage the heel of the hammer and has a latch -shapedprojection 17 on the forward upper corner of the grip-lever forengagement with the dog 17. rlhe lateral walls of this lever passforward and upward on either side of the operating devices and may behinged to the breech-bolt by any suitable means. In the drawings I haveillustrated but one of the lateral walls of the grip-lever. The otherwall being a duplicate it is not deemed essential to further illustratethis element.

The breech-locking device is constructed and actuates and locks thebreech as follows:

Located in the upper extremities of the griplever Gr are the cam-slots6, Figs. l and 6, through which passes the locking pin or bolt 5, whichbolt 5 passes through the bar N and extends into the cam-grooves 21 inthe side plates of the frame, Fig. 6. The bar N is hinged at O to theunder side of the breechbolt. The forward movement of the grip-levercauses the bolt 5 to slide forward in the grooves 2l, and the jointaction of the grooves 21 and the slot 6, acting on the bolt 5, lifts thebar N into locked engagement with the shoulder 7, located beneath therear end of the breech-bolt and attached to the frame, the slots 6 beinglong enough to allow a slight forward movement of the grip-lever afterthe locking movement of the breech is completed, the reverse movement ofthe parts unlocking and withdrawing the breech-piece.

The breech-bolt I, Figs. l, 6, and 8, is a bar or rod of a size andlength to be determined by the cartridge used. lThe rear part of thebreech-bolt is diminished in size to correspond to the thickness of thehammer. The forward part corresponds to the thickness of the chamber inwhich the breech bolt slides. The breech-bolt contains the usualfiring-pin 4, (shown in Fig. 8 ofthe drawings,) and is provided on itsunder side with a hinge O for engagement with the bar N. The rear end ofthe breech-bolt bears against the face of the hammer and its rearwardmovement forces the hammerinto cocked position. The breechbolt containsa chamber g for the firing-pin 4. The breech-bolt is provided on itsrespective opposite sides with grooves in which are located the springshell-extractors 23, provided, with bearings 24, which bearings 24 arearranged to slide back and forth in the camgrooves 25 in the receiverand to spring against the bottom of these grooves. The grooves 25 beingof varyin g depth and the forward part of the grooves converging towardthe bore of the barrel, the forward movement of the breechpiece causesthe bearings 24 to compress the extractors and cause the hookedextremity of the extractors to grasp the cartridge as it passes into thebarrel and retain this engagement until the shell is fully extracted.

The firing mechanism may be described as follows:

The hammer II, Figs. 1 and 6, is pivotally supported in the chamber andis forced into cocked position by the rearward movement of thebreech-bolt or by the hand. The heel of the hammer is provided withratchetcatches, which are arranged to engage in the usual manner withthe spring-actuated trigger R and the spring-actuated automatic sear 18.The trigger R is disengaged from the hammer by the finger in the usualmanner. This trigger is provided with a shoulder 27', Fig. 1, whichengages with a movable slide 27, located in front of the trigger andpivotally supported to engage with said shoulder on the front side ofthe trigger when the trigger is fully retracted and retains the triggerout of engagement with the hammer when the weapon is to be discharged bythe secondary sear alone.

The secondary sear 1S is located in the path of the forward movement ofa projection 2,

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which is fixedly attached to thel grip-lever,V

which projection disengages it from the ham-` mer at a time when the barN has been lifted into engagement with the shoulder 7, the constructionallowing the grip -lever to move slightly forward after the lockingmovement of the bar N is complete.

The bracket Z is fxedly attached to the trigger-plate, and the hammer H,secondary sear 18, spring 16, dog 17, trigger R, and carrier-lever K aresupported between the opposite walls of this bracket.

The actuating and locking device maybe described as follows:

The grip-lever is connected to a spring 1, which resists its movements.This lever when in a position of rest is thrown outward beyond the limitof the frame and when actuated moves back toward the frame until thecatch 17 on its front edge engages with the spring-actuated dog 17,which dog 17 is pivoted to the frame by the same pivot which passesthrough the trigger R. The rear side of the trigger R is provided with ashoulder R', which is arranged to bear on the under side of the dog 17,and when the trigger R has been drawn back by the iinger suicient torelease the hammer and discharge the weapon this shoulder engages withthe dog 17 and disengagesit from the grip-lever, when the force of thespring 1 immediately throws the grip-lever outward to its rst position.The engagement of the trigger with the hammer is effected by the spring19, and the hammer is actuated by t-hespring 3, as indicated in thedrawings.

The loading device may be described as follows:

The bar N, Figs. 1 and 6, is provided with' an arm or projection 8,which is arranged to engage with the short arm of the carrier-lever K K.The long arm of this lever engages with the spring 9 and terminates inan enlarged cylindrical bearing F, which bearing engages with a chamberformed in a vertically-reciprocating cartridge-carrier D. The contact ofthe cylindrical bearing with the carrier is always in line with thedirection in which the carrier moves.

The cartridge-receiver E, Figs. 1, 2, 4, and 6, is a semicylindricalshell and is iixe'dly attached to the upper surface of the carrier D inthe central longitudinal line thereof, and its forward end is even withthe front face of the carrier and is arranged to receive the cartridgesas they pass from the magazine into the chamber. The shell E isconstructed to spring against the bearings 11, which bearings 11 extendinto and travel around in the cam-groove a, the cartridge-receiver beingopened and closed by the cam action of the groove a on the bearings 11.The bar 12 on the upper face of the carrier D is movable in slots 13beneath the shell'E and hasa depending arm 10, which is pivoted to thecarrier, as shown in Fig. 2.

For convenience of description I have divided the groove d into threedierent parts-- a rear part cr', an upper ,or curved part d, and

a vertical and diagonal part d". When the carrier is in position infront of themagazine, the bearings 11 are located in the lower end ofthe part a', and when the cartridge-receiver E is lifted into positionin frontf'of theV bore of the,barrel the bearing 11 travels through thispart and drops into thecurved part d", -which part is slightly deeperand forms a shoulder on which the bearings 11 rest and retains thereceiver in position in front of the bore of the barrel untilftherforwardmovement of the breech-bolt coming in contact with the bar 12,the bearings 11 are forced forward through the part d and drop into thevertical part a", which part is suffi,- ciently deeper to allow thecartridge-receiverY E to spring open and release the cartridge at a timewhen the cartridgehas been engaged by the -shell-extractors and the boreofthe barrel, when the cartridge-carrier M, actuated by the spring 9,immediately descends to position in front of the magazine. The bearings11 travel throughthe parts d'" and drop back into the parts d', andwhich parts d are slightly deeper than the parts a". The part d" becomesconsiderably shallower as it approaches the part a', the receiver beingopened and closed by the cam action of the groove a on the bearings 11.

The magazine C is located beneath the barrel and is. provided with aspring S and plun-A ger P and contains alongitudinal slot, Fig. 9,through which slot c extends a projection which is ixedly attachedto theside ofthe plunger P, by means of which projection the plunger can beforced forward to the front end of the magazine, when it engages withany suitable means to hold it untilvreleased to force the cartridgesforward, when the magazine is swung backinto position beneath thebarrel. The magazine is hinged to the side of the frame, Fig. 7, and theforward end of the magazine, as shown in Fig. 9, is hinged to an arm orprojection which is iixedly attached to the barrel. The rear end of themagazine is provided with a spring-catch 29, which retains it inposition beneath the barrel, and has a projection or thumb-piece 22, bymeans of which it can be rotated out to the side of the barrel, thusexposing the rear end of the magazine for the purpose of refilling itwith cartridges. The coiled spring 26 operates to return the magazine toposition beneath the barrel. v

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a iirearm, a breech-closing mechanism, a grip-lever, areciprocating breech-bolt connected to the grip-lever by a pivot whichengages with a movable and an immovable cam-guide, to reciprocate andlock the breechpiece.

2. In a firearm the side walls of the chamber having cam -grooves 21which grooves have a curved and rearward direction, a

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grip-lever having lateral walls arranged to pass forward and upward oneither side of the operating devices, said Walls having cam-slots cut intheir upper extremities, a breech-locking pin which passes through thesaid cam breech-locking slots and extends into said curved grooves 2l, abreech-locking bar which is hinged to a reciprocating breech-bolt andconnected to said breechlocking pin, a locking-shoulder fixedly attachedto the stock-wall which engages with the said breech-locking bar N.

3. In a breech-loading firearm, a breechlocking mechanism, comprising aframe-wall having a cam guide located beneath the breech-bolt and ashoulder against which the breech-bolt is locked, a reciprocatingbreechbolt, a grip-lever having a cam-guide in its upper extremity, aconnecting-bar between the breech-bolt and the grip-lever to engage withthe said cam-guides to lock and unlock the breech, and to engage withsaid shoulder when the breech-bolt is locked.

4. In a breech-loading firearm, a grip-lever hinged to the stock orhandle of the Weapon, a spring to resist the movement of the lever, abreech-bolt connected to said lever, a hammer engaged by thebreech-bolt, a spring-actuated sear engaging the heel of the hammer anda lug on the grip-lever, which, in its forward movement disen gages thesaid sear from the hammer.

5. In a breech-loading Iirearm a firing and automatic ring mechanism,comprising a grip-lever a spring to resist the movement of thegrip-lever, a reciprocating breech-bolt, a hammer engaged by thebreech-bolt, a sear to engage the heel of the hammer and located in thepath of, and disengaged by the griplever to lire the Weapon, a triggerto engage the hammer, and a lock attached to the frame to engage thetrigger and hold it out of engagement with the hammer, whereby theweapon may be discharged by the action of the trigger or grip-lever asdesired.

6. In a breech-loading firearm, a grip-lever forming a hand-grasp, areciprocating breechbolt, a connecting medium between the griplever andthe breech-bolt engaging with a movable and an immovable cam-guide, anda cartridge-carrier, all actuated by said griplever.

'7. In a breech-loading firearm a chamber having a cam-guide beneath thebreech-bolt and a breech-locking shoulder, a grip-lever shoulder to lockand unlock the breech, a carrier-lever engaging with said bar and areciprocating carrier engaging said lever.

8. A stock wall or plate provided with a triangular-shaped cam-groove a,a reciprocating cartridge-receiver or semicylindrical shell E attachedto a cartridge-carrier, a movable bearing 11 against which the shell Esprings, the said bearing engaging with the said triangular cam-groove aand the cam action of the groove operating to open and close thereceiver as and for the purpose set forth.

9. A cartridge-receiver or semicylindrical shell E, a cartridge-carrierconnected with said shell, movable bearings 1l against which therespective opposite sides of the shell E spring in opening, a stock wallor plate containing a cam-groove ct with which the said movable bearingsl1 engage, a projection or arm l2 which is arranged in the path of theforward movement of a reciprocating breechbolt, a reciprocatingbreech-bolt engaging with the said bearings 11.

l0. A cartridge-magazine located beneath the barrel and having its rearend hinged to the frame, so that the magazine can be swung out to theside of the frame when it is desired to load the same, the forward endof the magazine having a corresponding hinge which is fastened to an armwhich arm is iixedly attached to the barrel.

l1. A cartridge-magazine located beneath the barrel and having at itsrear end a projection attached to the side of the magazine whichprojection is hinged to the frame of the Weapon, the forward end of themagazine having a corresponding projection which is attached or hingedto a projection or arm which is fixedly attached to the barrel, the saidmagazine containing a spring-actuated plunger and having a longitudinalslot in which slot slides a pin or spur which is iXedly attached to theplunger and by means of which the plunger can be forced forward.

12. The combination with the barrel and stock of a breech-loadingfirearm of a magazine beneath the barrel and eccentrically and pivotallysupported.

S. N. MCCLEAN.

Witnesses:

W. E. ANDERSON, C. C. BATTERSON.

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